Bhagavadgita Pages in English, Chapters 1 to 18
bg07-Sanskrit | bg10-Sanskrit | bg11-Sanskrit | bg12-Sanskrit | ||
bg13-Sanskrit | bg14-Sanskrit | bg15-Sanskrit | bg16-Sanskrit | bg17-Sanskrit |
www.bhagavadgitausa.com
V.Krishnaraj
End BG Chapter 08: Brahman the Imperishable
अर्जुन उवाच किं तद्ब्रह्म किमध्यात्मं किं कर्म पुरुषोत्तम । अधिभूतं च किं प्रोक्तमधिदैवं किमुच्यते ॥८- १॥
arjuna uvāca
arjuna uvāca
arjuna uvāca = Arjuna said: kim1 = What; [is] tad2 = that; brahma3 = Brahman? kim4 = What; [is] adhyātmam5 = the Self [indwelling Self]? kim6 = What; [is] karma8 = Karma? puruṣottama9 = O Supreme Soul; kim12 = what; [are] adhibhūtam10 = beings on the physical plane of existence; ca11 = and; kim15 = what; proktam13 = spoken of; [as] adhidaivam14 = presiding deity; ucyate16 = is called. 8.1
8.1:
Arjuna said:
What is Brahman? What is adhyātma or
Self
? What is karma? O Purusottama, What
is adhibhūta? What is adhidaivam (presiding deity)? Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
अधियज्ञः कथं कोऽत्र देहेऽस्मिन्मधुसूदन । प्रयाणकाले च कथं ज्ञेयोऽसि नियतात्मभिः ॥८- २॥
adhiyajñaḥ kathaṁ kotra
dehesmin madhusūdana
adhiyajñaḥ1
katham2
kaḥ3
atra4
dehe5
asmin6
madhusūdana7
katham2 = How; [and] kaḥ3 = who; [is] adhiyajñaḥ1 = Presiding deity of sacrifice; atra4 = here; [in] asmin6 = this; dehe5 = body; madhusūdana7 = O Madhusudana ca9 = and; prayāṇa8Akāle8B = at the time8B of death8A; katham10 = how; [are] jñeyaḥ11 asi12 = you to be known; [by] niyata-ātmabhiḥ13 = persons with centered self-controlled mind? 8.2
8.2:
Who is the Adhiyajna in this body? O Madhusudhana, at the time of
departure (Prayāna-kale) from life, how can the self-controlled know You? Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
श्रीभगवानुवाच अक्षरं ब्रह्म परमं स्वभावोऽध्यात्ममुच्यते । भूतभावोद्भवकरो विसर्गः कर्मसंज्ञितः ॥८- ३॥
śrībhagavān
uvāca
śrībhagavān uvāca
śrībhagavān uvāca = Sri Bhagavan said: brahma2 = Brahman; [is] akṣaram1 = imperishable; paramam3 = Supreme. svabhāvaḥ4 = Its own nature; ucyate6 = is said to be; adhyātmam5 = the indwelling Soul. karma12 saṁjñitaḥ13 = Karma is the name for; bhūta7 - bhāvaḥ8 - udbhava9 - karaḥ10 = the creator of existing beings [= beings7-existence or becoming8-creation9- Creator10 = creator of the bodies of beings.
8.3:
Sri Bhagavan said:
Brahman is supreme and imperishable;
Its nature is (declared as that) of the Self; and Karma is the name for the
creative force that makes visible all living material beings. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
अधिभूतं क्षरो भावः पुरुषश्चाधिदैवतम् । अधियज्ञोऽहमेवात्र देहे देहभृतां वर ॥८- ४॥
adhibhūtaṁ kṣaro
bhāvaḥ puruṣaś
cādhidaivatam
adhibhūtam1
kṣaraḥ2
bhāvaḥ3
puruṣaḥ4
ca5
adhidaivatam6
adhibhūtam1 = Being on the physical plane of existence; [is] kṣaraḥ2 = perishable. puruṣaḥ4 = The Universal Being; [is of] bhāvaḥ3 = the nature; [of] adhidaivatam6 = Presiding Deity; ca5 = and; aham8 = I; [am] adhiyajñaḥ7 = the Presiding deity of sacrifice; eva9 = indeed; atra10 = in this; dehe11 = body; deha-bhṛtām12 vara13 = O the Best13 among the embodied beings12. 8.4
8.4:
Adhibhūtam is perishable, Purusa is Adhidaiva, and I am Adhiyajna in
the body, O the Best of embodied beings (Arjuna). Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
अन्तकाले च मामेव स्मरन्मुक्त्वा कलेवरम् । यः प्रयाति स मद्भावं याति नास्त्यत्र संशयः ॥८- ५॥
antakāle ca
mām eva smaran muktvā kalevaram
anta-kāle1
ca2
mām3
eva4
smaran5
muktvā6
kalevaram7
anta-kāle1ca2 = At the time of death also; yaḥ8 = he who; prayāti9 = departs [dying]; smaran5 = remembering; mām3 = Me; eva4 = indeed; [while] muktvā6 = giving up; kalevaram7 = the body; saḥ10 = he; yāti12 = attains; madbhāvam11 = my state. asti14 = There is; na13 = no; saṁśayaḥ16 = doubt; atra15 = in this. 8.5
8.5: At the time of death, he, who remembers Me when leaving the body, goes to My being. Of this, there is no doubt. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
यं यं वापि स्मरन्भावं त्यजत्यन्ते कलेवरम् । तं तमेवैति कौन्तेय सदा तद्भावभावितः ॥८- ६॥
yaṁ yaṁ vāpi
smaran bhāvaṁ tyajaty ante kalevaram
yam yam1
va api2
smaran3
bhāvam4
tyajati5
ante6
kalevaram7
yam yam1 va api2 = Whatever it is; [one] smaran3 = remembers; [of] bhāvam4 = being; [while] tyajati5 = giving up; kalevaram7 = the body; ante6 = at the end; kaunteya11 = O Kaunteya; tam tam8 eva9 = that one indeed; [he] sadā13 = always; eti10 = attains; tat14 bhāva15 bhāvitaḥ16 = remembering16 that14 state15. 8.6
8.6:
Whatever one remembers of being at the time of giving up the body,
similar being he becomes O Kauteya, having always remembered that being. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
तस्मात्सर्वेषु कालेषु मामनुस्मर युध्य च । मय्यर्पितमनोबुद्धिर्मामेवैष्यस्यसंशयम् ॥८- ७॥
tasmāt sarveṣu
kāleṣu
mām anusmara yudhya ca
tasmāt1
sarveṣu2
kāleṣu3
mām4
anusmara5
yudhya6
ca8
tasmāt1 = Therefore; sarveṣu2 = at all; kāleṣu3 = times; anusmara5 = continue remembering; mām4 = Me; ca8 = and; yudhya6 = fight; [with] manaḥ11 = mind; [and] buddhiḥ12 = intellect; arpita10 = dedicated ; mayi9 = to Me; eṣyasi15 = you will reach; mām13 = Me; eva14 = alone; asaṁśayaḥ16 = without doubt. 8.7
8.7: Therefore, always remember Me and fight (yudhya). You will reach Me without doubt, if your mind and intellect intent on (arpita) Me. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
अभ्यासयोगयुक्तेन चेतसा नान्यगामिना । परमं पुरुषं दिव्यं याति पार्थानुचिन्तयन् ॥८- ८॥
abhyāsayogayuktena cetasā nānyagāminā
abhyāsa
yoga-yuktena1
cetasā2
na
anya-gāminā4
pārthā8 = O Partha; abhyāsa1A yoga-yuktena1B= engaged in the yoga1B of practice1A; cetasā2 = with the mind; na anya-gāminā4 = not distracted to other things; yāti7 = one attains; paramam5 = the Supreme; anucintayan9 = by always thinking of; divyam8 = the divine; puruṣam6 = Person [Paramesvara). 8.8
8.8:
He, who is steady in constant practice of meditation on the Supreme
Person with the mind not distracted otherwise and always thinking of Me,
reaches the Divine Me. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
कविं पुराणमनुशासितार-: मणोरणीयांसमनुस्मरेद्यः । सर्वस्य धातारमचिन्त्यरूप : मादित्यवर्णं तमसः परस्तात् ॥८- ९॥
kaviṁ purāṇam
anuśāsitāraṁ aṇor
aṇīyāṁsam
anusmared yaḥ
kavim1
purāṇam2
anuśāsitāram3
aṇoḥ4
aṇīyāṁsam5
anusmaret6
yaḥ7
yaḥ7 = He who; anusmaret6 =meditates on; kavim1 = the Omniscient [the sage, Seer, Poet]; purāṇam2 = the beginningless; anuśāsitāram3 = the Ruler of all; aṇīyāṁsam5 = subtler; aṇoḥ4 = than the subtle; dhātāram9 = the Protector; sarvasya8 = of all; [of] acintya10 = inconceivable; rūpam11 = form; āditya-varṇam12 = of the color of the sun; parastāt14 = beyond; tamasaḥ13 = darkness [attains the Supreme]. 8.9
8.9: He, who meditates on the Kavi ( the Omniscient: sage, seer, or poet), the ancient, the (inner) controller, the one smaller than the smallest, and the supporter of everything, and whose form is inconceivable (acintya rūpam), is sun-colored (Āditya-varnam) beyond darkness [attains the Supreme]. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
प्रयाणकाले मनसाचलेन : भक्त्या युक्तो योगबलेन चैव । भ्रुवोर्मध्ये प्राणमावेश्य सम्यक् : स तं परं पुरुषमुपैति दिव्यम् ॥८- १०॥
prayāṇakāle
manasācalena bhaktyā yukto yogabalena caiva
prayāṇa-kāle1
manasā2
acalena3
bhaktyā4
yuktaḥ5
yoga-balena6
ca7
eva8 prayāṇa-kāle1 = At the time of demise; acalena3 manasā2 = with unvacillating3 mind2; yuktaḥ5 = absorbed; bhaktyā4 = with devotion; yoga-balena6 = by strength of Yoga; ca7 = and; eva8= indeed; āveśya12 = steadying; prāṇam11 = the vital breath; samyak13 = completely; madhye10 = between; bhruvoḥ9 = the eyebrows; saḥ14 = he; upaiti18 = attains; tam15 = that; param16 = supreme; divyam19 = divine; puruṣam17 = Person [the Omniscient]. 8.10
8.10:
At the time of departure, with the unwavering mind fixed (on the
Lord) in devotion, by the strength of yoga, with his prāna fixed between the
eyebrows, he attains to Purusam and Divyam. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
यदक्षरं वेदविदो वदन्ति : विशन्ति यद्यतयो वीतरागाः ।
यदिच्छन्तो ब्रह्मचर्यं चरन्ति
:
तत्ते पदं संग्रहेण प्रवक्ष्ये ॥८- ११॥
yat1
akṣaram2
veda-vidaḥ3
vadanti4
viśanti5
yat6
yatayaḥ7
vīta-rāgāḥ8
pravakṣye17 = I shall talk; te14 = to you; saṅgraheṇa16 = in brief; yat1 = that; yat6 = which; veda-vidaḥ3 = knowers of Vedas; vadanti4 = call; akṣaram2 = immutable; icchantaḥ10 = desiring; yat9 = which; yatayaḥ7 = the seers or ascetics; caranti12 = practice; brahmacaryam11 = celibacy. [They] vīta-rāgāḥ8 = free from passion; viśanti5 = enter; tat13 = that [Aksaram]; padam15 = goal (parama padam = Supreme Abode). 8.11
8.11:
I shall briefly explain to you the path, which the Veda Vidahs call
Imperishable (Aksaram), desiring which the ascetics practice bramacharya.
They enter Aksaram by freeing themselves from passion.
Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
सर्वद्वाराणि संयम्य मनो हृदि निरुध्य च । मूर्ध्न्याधायात्मनः प्राणमास्थितो योगधारणाम् ॥८- १२॥
sarvadvārāṇi
saṁyamya
mano hṛdi
nirudhya ca
sarva-dvārāṇi1
saṁyamya2
manaḥ3
hṛdi4
nirudhya5
ca6
saṁyamya2 = Controlling; sarva-dvārāṇi1 = all the portals of the senses; nirudhya5 = confining; manaḥ3 = the mind; hṛdi4 = in the heart; ca6 = and; ādhāya8 = fixing; ātmanaḥ9 = his own; prāṇam10 = breath; mūrdhni7 = in the head; [and] āsthitaḥ11 = having established; yoga12 dhāraṇām13 = firmness in13 yoga12... 8.12
8.12:
Controlling all the gates of the body, holding the mind in the heart,
fixing the his own life-breath in the head, and
established in yogic concentration, (continued) Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
ओमित्येकाक्षरं ब्रह्म व्याहरन्मामनुस्मरन् । यः प्रयाति त्यजन्देहं स याति परमां गतिम् ॥८- १३॥
om ity ekākṣaraṁ
brahma vyāharan mām anusmaran
om1
iti2
eka-akṣaram3
brahma4
vyāharan5
mām6
anusmaran7
yaḥ8 = He who; prayāti9 = dies; tyajan10 = by leaving; deham11 = the body; vyāharan5 = uttering; eka-akṣaram3 = one syllable; om1 = Om; [which is] iti2 = thus; brahma4 = Brahman; [and] anusmaran7 = remembering; mām6 = Me; saḥ12 = he; yāti13 = attains; paramām14 = the supreme; gatim15 = goal. 8.13
8.13: Anyone, who utters the monosyllable OM of (Sabda-) Brahman and leaves the body, remembering Me, attains the Supreme goal. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
अनन्यचेताः सततं यो मां स्मरति नित्यशः । तस्याहं सुलभः पार्थ नित्ययुक्तस्य योगिनः ॥८- १४॥
ananyacetāḥ
satataṁ yo māṁ smarati nityaśaḥ
ananya-cetāḥ1
satatam2
yaḥ3
mām4
smarati5
nityaśaḥ6
yaḥ3 = He who; smarati5 = remembers; mām4 = Me; satatam2 = constantly; [and] nityaśaḥ6 = regularly; ananya-cetāḥ1 = without extraneous thoughts; aham8 = I; [am] sulabhaḥ9 = easy of access; tasya7 yoginaḥ12 = to that Yogi; nitya-yuktasya11 = with perpetual concentration; pārtha10 = O Partha. 8.14
8.14:
He, who remembers Me constantly lacking extraneous thoughts and is
absorbed in Me constantly, O Partha, is a Yogin to whom I am easily
accessible. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
मामुपेत्य पुनर्जन्म दुःखालयमशाश्वतम् । नाप्नुवन्ति महात्मानः संसिद्धिं परमां गताः ॥८- १५॥
mām upetya punarjanma duḥkhālayam
aśāśvatam
mām1
upetya2
punaḥ3
janma4
duḥkha-ālayam5
aśāśvatam6
mahā-ātmānaḥ10 = The Great Souls; upetya2 = after reaching; mām1 = Me; gatāḥ13 = attain; paramām12 = Supreme; saṁsiddhim11 = Perfection; [and] na8 = do not; āpnuvanti9 = get; punaḥ3 janma4 = rebirth; [which is] duḥkha-ālayam5 = an abode of miseries; [and] aśāśvatam6 = impermanent; 8.15
8.15:
The highly perfected great souls, after coming to Me, do not go back
to rebirth, which is impermanent and an abode of miseries. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
आब्रह्मभुवनाल्लोकाः पुनरावर्तिनोऽर्जुन । मामुपेत्य तु कौन्तेय पुनर्जन्म न विद्यते ॥८- १६॥
ā
brahmabhuvanāl lokāḥ punarāvartinorjuna
ābrahma-bhuvanāt1
lokāḥ2
punaḥ3
āvartinaḥ4
arjuna5
arjuna5 = O Arjuna; ābrahma-bhuvanāt1 = from the world of Brahma down; lokāḥ2 = the worlds; punaḥ3 āvartinaḥ4 = are subject to return4 again3; tu8 = but; [for the one] upetya7 = after coming; mām6 = to Me; kaunteya9 = O son of Kunti; punarjanma10 = rebirth; [in the world of miseries] na vidyate11 = does not exist. 8.16
8.16:
O Arjuna, from the abode of Brahma down, all worlds (beings) are
subject to return (to rebirth), but for the one who comes to Me, rebirth
does not exist, O Kaunteya. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
सहस्रयुगपर्यन्तमहर्यद्ब्रह्मणो विदुः । रात्रिं युगसहस्रान्तां तेऽहोरात्रविदो जनाः ॥८- १७॥
sahasrayugaparyantam ahar yad
brahmaṇo viduḥ
sahasra1
yuga2
paryantam3
ahaḥ4
yat5
brahmaṇaḥ6
viduḥ7
viduḥ7= They know; ahaḥ4 = day; brahmaṇaḥ6 = of Brahma; yat5 = which; paryantam3 = ends; [in] sahasra1 = a thousand; yuga2 = Yugas; rātrim8 = night; [is] yuga sahasra-antām9 = Yuga ending after a 1000 yugas; te10 = these ; janāḥ13 = people; [are] vidaḥ12 = knowers; [of] ahaḥ-rātra11 = day and night. 8.17
8.17:
They, who know that a Brahma’s day is one thousand Yugas
and a Brahma’s night is one thousand Yugas,
understand (the meaning of) day and night. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
अव्यक्ताद्व्यक्तयः सर्वाः प्रभवन्त्यहरागमे । रात्र्यागमे प्रलीयन्ते तत्रैवाव्यक्तसंज्ञके ॥८- १८॥
avyaktād vyaktayaḥ sarvāḥ
prabhavanty aharāgame
avyaktāt1
vyaktayaḥ2
sarvāḥ3
prabhavanti4
ahaḥ-āgame5
avyaktāt1 = From the unmanifest; sarvāḥ3 = all; vyaktayaḥ2 = manifested beings; prabhavanti4 = become manifest; ahaḥ-āgame5 = as the day begins. rātri-āgame6 = As the night arrives; [they] pralīyante7 = undergo dissolution; tatra8 = in it; saṅjñake11 = which is called; eva9 = indeed; avyakta10 = the unmanifest; 8.18
8.18:
From Avyaktat, all living entities become manifest at the beginning
of the day. At the arrival of night, they dissolve into the unmanifest. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
भूतग्रामः स एवायं भूत्वा भूत्वा प्रलीयते । रात्र्यागमेऽवशः पार्थ प्रभवत्यहरागमे ॥८- १९॥
bhūtagrāmaḥ
sa evāyaṁ bhūtvā bhūtvā pralīyate
bhūtagrāmaḥ1
saḥ
eva2
ayam3
bhūtvā bhūtvā4
pralīyate5
saḥ eva2 = These very; bhūtagrāmaḥ1 = host pf beings; bhūtvā bhūtvā4 = taking birth again and again; pralīyate5 = undergoes dissolution again and again; [which is] avaśaḥ7 = beyond their control; rātri-āgame6 = on the arrival of night; pārtha8 = O Partha. ayam3 = This; prabhavati9 = comes into being; ahar-āgame10 = on arrival of day. 8.19
8.19:
The host of beings, taking birth again and again dissolves against
their will on the arrival of night O Partha and comes into being on arrival
of day. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
परस्तस्मात्तु भावोऽन्योऽव्यक्तोऽव्यक्तात्सनातनः । यः स सर्वेषु भूतेषु नश्यत्सु न विनश्यति ॥८- २०॥
paras tasmāt tu
bhāvonyovyaktovyaktāt sanātanaḥ
paraḥ1
tasmāt2
tu3
bhāvaḥ4
anyaḥ5
avyakta6
avyaktāt7
sanātanaḥ8
tu3 - But; paraḥ1 = higher; tasmāt2 = than [the unmanifest]; bhāvaḥ4 = nature; [there is] anyaḥ5 = the other; avyakta6 = unmanifest; sanātanaḥ8 = eternal; [Being]; yaḥ saḥ9 = who as such; na vinaśyati13 = is not destroyed. sarveṣu10 = All; bhūteṣu11 = beings [from Brahma down to a blade of grass]; naśyatsu12 = succumb to dissolution. 8.20
8.20:
But higher than this unmanifested nature, there is another
unmanifested eternal being, which is beyond dissolution, when all beings
perish. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
अव्यक्तोऽक्षर इत्युक्तस्तमाहुः परमां गतिम् । यं प्राप्य न निवर्तन्ते तद्धाम परमं मम ॥८- २१॥
avyaktokṣara
ity uktas tam āhuḥ
paramāṁ gatim
avyaktaḥ1
akṣaraḥ2
iti3
uktaḥ4
tam5
āhuḥ6
paramām7
gatim8
avyaktaḥ1 = The unmanifest; iti3 = thus; uktaḥ4 = is called; akṣaraḥ2 = imperishable. tam5 = That [aksram]; āhuḥ6 = is called; paramām7 = Supreme; gatim8= Goal; prāpya10 = after attaining; yam9 = which; [people] na11 = do not; nivartante12 = come back. tat13 = That; [is] mama16 = My; paramam15 = supreme; dhāma14 = abode. 8.21
8.21:
This Avyakta is Aksara. That is the highest and supreme state. Those
who reach My Supreme abode never return to the life of birth and rebirth. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
पुरुषः स परः पार्थ भक्त्या लभ्यस्त्वनन्यया । यस्यान्तःस्थानि भूतानि येन सर्वमिदं ततम् ॥८- २२॥
puruṣaḥ sa paraḥ pārtha
bhaktyā labhyas tv ananyayā
puruṣaḥ1
saḥ2
paraḥ3
pārtha4
bhaktyā5
labhyaḥ6
tu7
ananyayā8
saḥ2 = He; paraḥ3 = the Supreme; puruṣaḥ1 = Person; pārtha4 = O partha; labhyaḥ6 = can be gained or attained; ananyayā8 = by exclusive one-pointed; bhaktyā5 = devotion; [to Me]; yasya9 = in whom; bhūtāni11 = beings; antaḥsthāni10 = abide inside; tu7 = but; yena12 = by whom; sarvam13 = all; idam14 = this; tatam15 = is pervaded. 8.22
8.22:
This Supreme Person, O Partha, can be gained by exclusive devotion to
Me, in whom all beings exist, and by whom all this is pervaded. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
यत्र काले त्वनावृत्तिमावृत्तिं चैव योगिनः । प्रयाता यान्ति तं कालं वक्ष्यामि भरतर्षभ ॥८- २३॥
yatra kāle tv anāvṛttim
āvṛttiṁ caiva yoginaḥ
yatra kāle1
tu2
anāvṛttim3
āvṛttim4
ca eva5
yoginaḥ6
bharatarṣabha12 = O the Best among Bharatas; vakṣyāmi11 = I will tell; [you] tu2 = now; yatra kāle1 = at which time; prayātāḥ7 = the departing; yoginaḥ6 = Yogis; yānti8 = attain; anāvṛttim3 = no return, no rebirth; ca eva5 = and also; tam9 = that; kālam10 = time; [when they make] āvṛttim4 = a return or take a rebirth. 8.23
8.23:
O Best of Bharatas, I will disclose to you the time when the
departing yogis do not return and the time when they do return. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
अग्निर्ज्योतिरहः शुक्लः षण्मासा उत्तरायणम् । तत्र प्रयाता गच्छन्ति ब्रह्म ब्रह्मविदो जनाः ॥८- २४॥
agnir jotir ahaḥ
śuklaḥ ṣaṇmāsā uttarāyaṇam
agniḥ1
jotiḥ2
ahaḥ3
śuklaḥ4
ṣaṇmāsā5
uttarāyaṇam6
tatra7 = That path; prayātāḥ8 = of the departing souls, [of] brahma-vidaḥ11 = the Brahman Knowers; [is] agniḥ1 = fire; jotiḥ2 = light; ahaḥ3 = day; śuklaḥ4 = bright fortnight; [and] ṣaṇmāsā5 = six months; [of] uttarāyaṇam6 = Northern Solstice. [These] janāḥ12 = people; gacchanti9 = attain; brahma10 = Brahman. 8.24
8.24: The paths of the departing souls, who attain the Brahman because of Brahman knowledge, are the fire, the day, the bright half of the month and the six months of sun’s northern passage. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
धूमो रात्रिस्तथा कृष्णः षण्मासा दक्षिणायनम् । तत्र चान्द्रमसं ज्योतिर्योगी प्राप्य निवर्तते ॥८- २५॥
dhūmo rātris tathā kṛṣṇaḥ ṣaṇmāsā
dakṣiṇāyanam
dhūmaḥ1
rātriḥ2
tathā3
kṛṣṇaḥ4
ṣaṇmāsā5
dakṣiṇāyanam6
dhūmaḥ1 = Smoke; rātriḥ2 = night; kṛṣṇaḥ4 = the dark fortnight; tathā3 = also; ṣaṇmāsā5 = six months; [of] dakṣiṇāyanam6 = Southern Solstice; [following] tatra7 = that path; yogī10 = [the departing] Yogi; prāpya11 = attains; cāndramasam8 = the moon; jyotiḥ9 = light; [and] nivartate12 = returns [takes rebirth]. 8.25
8.25:
Smoke, night, also the dark (half of the month), the six months of
sun's southern passage are the paths the departing yogi takes, attains the
lunar light, and returns (to earth after a sojourn). Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
शुक्लकृष्णे गती ह्येते जगतः शाश्वते मते । एकया यात्यनावृत्तिमन्ययावर्तते पुनः ॥८- २६॥
śuklakṛṣṇe
gatī hy ete jagataḥ
śāśvate mate
śukla1
kṛṣṇe2
gatī3
hi4
ete5
jagataḥ6
śāśvate7
mate8
śukla1 = White [knowledge]; kṛṣṇe2 = black [ignorance]; mate8 = are considered; hi4 = indeed; ete5 = the two; śāśvate7 = eternal; gatī3 = paths; jagataḥ6 = of the world; ekayā9 = by one [path]; [he] yāti10 = reaches, goes to; anāvṛttim11 = Realm of no return; anyayā12 = by the other; āvartate13 = he treads back; punaḥ14 = again [into the material world]. 8.26
8.26:
Light and darkness [knowledge and ignorance] are the two eternal
paths of this world. By (the former) one, he goes, not to return; by (the
latter) the other, he returns (again). Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
नैते सृती पार्थ जानन्योगी मुह्यति कश्चन । तस्मात्सर्वेषु कालेषु योगयुक्तो भवार्जुन ॥८- २७॥
naite sṛtī
pārtha jānan yogī muhyati kaścana
na1
ete2
sṛtī3
pārtha4
jānan5
yogī6
muhyati7
kaścana8
kaścana8 = Whoever; yogī6 = Yogi; jānan5 = knowing; ete2 = the two; sṛtī3 = paths; na1 = is not; muhyati7 = deluded; tasmāt9 = therefore; pārtha4 = O Partha; sarveṣu10 kāleṣu11 = at all times; bhava13 = be; yogayuktaḥ12 = steady in Yoga; arjuna14 = O Arjuna. 8.27
8.27:
A yogi, knowing these two paths, O Partha, is not deluded. Therefore,
O Arjuna, at all times be steady in yoga. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
वेदेषु यज्ञेषु तपःसु चैव : दानेषु यत् पुण्यफलं प्रदिष्टम् । अत्येति तत्सर्वमिदं विदित्वा : योगी परं स्थानमुपैति चाद्यम् ॥८- २८॥
vedeṣu
yajñeṣu
tapaḥsu
caiva dāneṣu
yat puṇyaphalaṁ pradiṣṭam
vedeṣu1
yajñeṣu2
tapaḥsu3
ca4
eva5
dāneṣu6
yat7
puṇya-phalam8
pradiṣṭam9
viditvā14 = Knowing; sarvam12 = all; idam13 = this; atyeti10 = going beyond; tat11 = that; vedeṣu1 = the study of Vedas; yajñeṣu2 = the performance of Yagnas; tapaḥsu3 = the observance of austerities; ca4 = and; eva5 = indeed; dāneṣu6 = the giving of charity; yat7 = which; [result in] puṇya-phalam8 = merit and demerit; pradiṣṭam9 = enunciated by sacred texts; yogī15 = Yogi; upaiti18 = attains; param16 = Supreme; sthānam17 = abode; ca19 = also; [which is] ādyam20 = the primordial. 8.28
8.28:
Knowing all this and going beyond the studies of Vedas, performance
of sacrifices, tapas (austerities), and charities, which (collectively)
result in fruits of merit, the yogi attains the Supreme eternal abode. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
End BG Chapter 08: Brahman the Imperishable