Bhagavadgita Pages in English, Chapters 1 to 18
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www.bhagavadgitausa.com
V.Krishnaraj
References:
S = Sankara; R = Ramanuja; RK = Radhakrishnan.
Monier-Williams, 'Sanskrit-English Dictionary'
Chapter 06: The Yoga of Self Control
Original date of web publication: May 10, 2009 |
श्रीभगवानुवाच अनाश्रितः कर्मफलं कार्यं कर्म करोति यः । स संन्यासी च योगी च न निरग्निर्न चाक्रियः ॥६- १॥
śrībhagavān
uvāca
śrībhagavān uvāca
śrībhagavān uvāca = Sri Bhagavan said; anāśritaḥ1 karma-phalam2 = without dependence1 on fruits of actions2; yaḥ6 karoti5 karma4 kāryam3 = he who performs his action as his duty [he who6 performs5 action4 as duty3] ; saḥ7 sannyāsī8 ca9 yogī10 ca11= he is a Sannyasi also, [and] Yogi also [he is7 a Sannyasi8 also9, [and] Yogi10 also11]; na12 niḥ13 agniḥ14 = neither12 without13 fire14; na15 ca16 akriyaḥ17 = nor15 also16 without action17. 6.1
6.1: The Lord said: He, who does his obligatory work without claiming the fruit of action, is a sannyāsi and a yogi. He does not become a yogin simply because he renounces the sacred fire and performs no action. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
यं संन्यासमिति प्राहुर्योगं तं विद्धि पाण्डव । न ह्यसंन्यस्तसंकल्पो योगी भवति कश्चन ॥६- २॥
yam sannyāsam
iti prāhuḥ
yogam
tam viddhi pāṇḍava
yam1
sannyāsam2
iti3
prāhuḥ4
yogam5
tam6 viddhi7
pāṇḍava8
yam1 sannyāsam2 iti3 prāhuḥ4 yogam5 tam6 viddhi7 pāṇḍava8 = What they call as Monasticism you know as Yoga [what1 monasticism2 thus3 call4 Yoga5 that6 you know7], pāṇḍava8= , O Pandava; kaścana15 bhavati14 yogī13 na9 hi10 asannyasta11 saṁkalpaḥ12 = No one becomes a Yogi without renouncing desire [no one15 becomes14 Yogi13 never9 certainly10 without renouncing11 expectation12] . 6.2
6.2: What they call as sannyāsa, you know that as yoga, O Pandava. No one becomes a yogin without renouncing (selfish) desire. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
आरुरुक्षोर्मुनेर्योगं कर्म कारणमुच्यते । योगारूढस्य तस्यैव शमः कारणमुच्यते ॥६- ३॥
ārurukṣor
muner yogaṁ karma kāraṇam
ucyate
ārurukṣoḥ1
muneḥ2
yogam3
karma4
kāraṇam5
ucyate6
ārurukṣoḥ1 yogam3 karma4 ucyate6 kāraṇam5 muneḥ2 = Desirous of advancing in karma yoga, action is the means for a sage. [; eva10 tasya9 śamaḥ11 ucyate13 kāraṇam12 ārūḍhasya8 yoga7 = Indeed tranquility is the means, when he attains to such yoga. [for one desirous of ascending1 Yoga3 action4 is said to be6 the means5 for the Muni2 (sage)] [indeed10 for him9 tranquility, [serenity, inaction]11 is said to be13 the means12 when he has ascended to8 Yoga7] 6.3
6.3: Desirous of advancing in karma yoga, action is the means for a sage. When he attains to such yoga, tranquility is the means. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
यदा हि नेन्द्रियार्थेषु न कर्मस्वनुषज्जते । सर्वसंकल्पसंन्यासी योगारूढस्तदोच्यते ॥६- ४॥
yadā hi nendriyārtheṣu
na karmasv anuṣajjate
yadā1
hi2 na3
indriya-artheṣu4
na5 karmasu6
anuṣajjate7
yadā1 hi2 na3 indriya-artheṣu4 na5 anuṣajjate7 karmasu6 = When one does not have any attachment to sense objects and actions [When1 surely2 [he] has neither3 attachments to sense objects4 nor5 attachment7 to actions6]; sarva8 saṅkalpa9 sannyāsī10 = he is the relinquisher of desires. [ all8-desires9 relinquisher10]; ucyate14 yoga11ārūḍhaḥ12 tadā13 = He is said to be at that time the ascender in Yoga [he is said to be3 ascender in12 Yoga11 at that time13] . 6.4
6.4: When one does not have any attachment to sense objects and actions and has renounced all purposes and desires (sarva sankalpa sannyasi), he is called Yogarudha (யோகரூடன்) Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
उद्धरेदात्मनात्मानं नात्मानमवसादयेत् । आत्मैव ह्यात्मनो बन्धुरात्मैव रिपुरात्मनः ॥६- ५॥
uddhared ātmanātmānaṁ
nātmānam avasādayet
uddharet1
ātmanā2
ātmānam3
na4
ātmānam5
avasādayet6
[One should] uddharet1 = raise; ātmānam3 = his soul; [from the ocean of Samsara] ātmanā2 = by his self; [and] na4 = never; [let] ātmānam5 = the embodied soul; avasādayet6 = sink. ātma7 = One's own self; [is] eva hi8 = verily indeed; ātmanaḥ9 = ones own; bandhuḥ10 = friend. ātma11 = One's own self; [is] eva12 = indeed; ātmanaḥ14 = one's own; ripuḥ13 = enemy. 6.5
Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
बन्धुरात्मात्मनस्तस्य येनात्मैवात्मना जितः । अनात्मनस्तु शत्रुत्वे वर्तेतात्मैव शत्रुवत् ॥६- ६॥
bandhur
ātmātmanas tasya yenātmaivātmanā jitaḥ bandhuḥ1 ātmā2 ātmanaḥ3 tasya4 yena5 ātmā6 eva7 ātmanā8 jitaḥ9 anātmanaḥ10 tu11 śatrutve12 varteta13 ātma14 eva15 śatruvat16 6.6
ātmā2 = Self; [is] bandhuḥ1 = the friend; ātmanaḥ3 = of self; tasya4 = of him; yena5 = by whom; ātmā6 = the self; jitaḥ9 = has been subdued; eva7 = verily; ātmanā8 = by the self; tu11 = but; anātmanaḥ10 = for one who has not conquered his self; ātma14 = his self; eva15 = itself; varteta13 = acts; śatrutve12 = in a hostile manner; śatruvat16 = like an enemy. 6.6
6.6 For one who has conquered his very self by the self, his self is the friend of the self. For one who has not conquered his self, his very self exhibits hostility like an enemy. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
जितात्मनः प्रशान्तस्य परमात्मा समाहितः । शीतोष्णसुखदुःखेषु तथा मानापमानयोः ॥६- ७॥
jitātmanaḥ
praśāntasya paramātmā samāhitaḥ
jita-ātmanaḥ1
praśāntasya2 parama-ātmā3
samāhitaḥ4
[For] jita-ātmanaḥ1 = one who has conquered his body, mind and senses; praśāntasya2 = one who maintains tranquility; parama-ātmā3 = [in him] the Supreme Soul; samāhitaḥ4 = becomes manifest. śīta5 uṣṇa6 sukha7 duḥkheṣu8 = [He should remain balanced in] cold, heat, happiness and sorrow; tathā9 = also; māna10 apamānayoḥ11 = in honor and dishonor. 6.7
Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
ज्ञानविज्ञानतृप्तात्मा कूटस्थो विजितेन्द्रियः । युक्त इत्युच्यते योगी समलोष्टाश्मकाञ्चनः ॥६- ८॥
jñānavijñānatṛptātmā kūṭastho vijitendriyaḥ
jñāna1
vijñāna2
tṛptā3
ātmā4
kūṭasthaḥ5
vijita6
indriyaḥ7
jñāna1 = [With] knowledge; vijñāna2 = [and] Realized Experiential Knowledge; tṛptā3 = [he remains] a satisfied; ātmā4 = self, soul. kūṭasthaḥ5 = He who is unmoved [like an anvil]; vijita6 indriyaḥ7 = whose sense organs7 are under control6; yuktaḥ8 = who is absorbed in the Self; iti9 = thus; ucyate10 = is called; yogī11 = Yogi; [to whom] loṣṭra13 = clod; āśma14 = stone; [and] kāñcanaḥ = gold sama12 = are the same [equal]. 6.8
Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
सुहृन्मित्रार्युदासीनमध्यस्थद्वेष्यबन्धुषु । साधुष्वपि च पापेषु समबुद्धिर्विशिष्यते ॥६- ९॥
suhṛnmitrāryudāsīnamadhyasthadveṣyabandhuṣu
suhṛt1
mitra2
ari3
udāsīna4
madhyastha5
dveṣya6
bandhuṣu7
suhṛt1 = [He who regards] a selfless friend; mitra2 = a cognate a friend; ari3 = an enemy; udāsīna4 = a neutral person; madhyastha5 = an arbiter; dveṣya6 = the detested; bandhuṣu7 = the relatives; sādhuṣu8 = the saints; api9 = even; ca10 = and; pāpeṣu11 = the sinners; sama-buddhiḥ12 = with equal mind; viśiṣyate13 = excels. 6.9
6.9: He, who regards the well-wishers, the friends, the enemies, the indifferent, the neutral and the impartial, the envious and the detestable, the relatives, the saints (pious), as well as the sinners, with equal mind (terms), excels. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
योगी युञ्जीत सततमात्मानं रहसि स्थितः । एकाकी यतचित्तात्मा निराशीरपरिग्रहः ॥६- १०॥
yogī yuñjīta
satatam ātmānaṁ rahasi sthitaḥ
yogī1
yuñjīta2 satatam3
ātmānam4 rahasi5
sthitaḥ6 yogī1 = Yogi, [a connected and centered person]; yuñjīta2 = concentrates; satatam3 = constantly, uninterruptedly; ātmānam4 = by the mind; rahasi5 = in a secluded or solitary place; sthitaḥ6 = by staying; ekākī7 = alone by himself; yata-citta-ātmā8 = restraining mind and body; nirāśīḥ9 = without desire; [and] aparigrahaḥ10 = not accumulating possessions. 6.10
6.10: A yogi, by controlling his mind, senses and desires; by desisting from accumulating earthly possessions; and by remaining alone by himself, should constantly concentrate his mind [on Atman = Supreme Self]. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
शुचौ देशे प्रतिष्ठाप्य स्थिरमासनमात्मनः । नात्युच्छ्रितं नातिनीचं चैलाजिनकुशोत्तरम् ॥६- ११॥
śucau deśe
pratiṣṭhāpya sthiram āsanam ātmanaḥ
śucau1
deśe2 pratiṣṭhāpya3
sthiram4 āsanam5
ātmanaḥ6
śucau1 = In a clean deśe2 = place; pratiṣṭhāpya3 = having abided, having established, having seated; sthiram4 = firmly; ātmanaḥ6 = on his own; āsanam5 = seat; na7 ati8 ucchritam9 = neither too elevated; na10 ati11 nīcam12 = nor too low; caila13 ajina14 kuśa15 uttaram16 = [made of] cloth13, animal skin14, Kusa grass15 successively higher [= one on top of another from grass bottom to cloth]16. 6.11
6.11: In a clean place, with a firm seat neither too high nor too low covered with Kusa grass, deerskin and a soft cloth layer upon layer (one on top of another in that order, cloth on the top, deerskin in the middle, Kusa grass in the bottom) (continued) Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
तत्रैकाग्रं मनः कृत्वा यतचित्तेन्द्रियक्रियः । उपविश्यासने युञ्ज्याद्योगमात्मविशुद्धये ॥६- १२॥
tatraikāgraṁ
manaḥ kṛtvā yatacittendriyakriyaḥ tatra1 ekāgram2 manaḥ3 kṛtvā4 yata5 citta6 indriya7 kriyaḥ8 upaviśya9 āsane10 yuñjyāt11 yogam12 ātma13-viśuddhaye14 6.12
[By] kṛtvā4 = making; manaḥ3 = the mind; ekāgram2 = one-pointed; [and by] kriyaḥ8 =keeping; citta6-indriya7 = the mind and the sense organs; yata5 = under control; upaviśya9 = sitting; tatra1 āsane10 = on that1 seat10; yuñjyāt11 Yogam12 = practices11 Yoga12; ātma13 viśuddhaye14 = for the purification14 of the inner organs13. 6.12
6.12: with the mind one-pointed, controlling the mind, the senses, and the activities, sitting on the seat, he should practice yoga for self-purification. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
समं कायशिरोग्रीवं धारयन्नचलं स्थिरः । सम्प्रेक्ष्य नासिकाग्रं स्वं दिशश्चानवलोकयन् ॥६- १३॥
samaṁ
kāyaśirogrīvaṁ dhārayann acalaṁ sthiraḥ samam1 kāya2 śiraḥ3 grīvam4 dhārayan5 acalam6 sthiraḥ7 saṁprekṣya8 nāsikā9 agram10 svam11 diśaḥ12 ca13 anavalokayan14 6.13
dhārayan5 = Holding; kāya2 = body; śiraḥ3 = head; [and] grīvam4 = neck; samam1 = straight; acalam6 = still; (and) sthiraḥ7 = steady; anavalokayan14 = not looking; diśaḥ12 = in all directions; ca13 = and saṁprekṣya8 = looking at; agram10 = the tip ; svam11= of his own; nāsikā9 = nose. 6.13
6.13: Holding the body, the neck and the head straight, still, and steady and not looking in all directions and looking at the tip of his own nose (continued) Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
प्रशान्तात्मा विगतभीर्ब्रह्मचारिव्रते स्थितः । मनः संयम्य मच्चित्तो युक्त आसीत मत्परः ॥६- १४॥
praśāntātmā
vigatabhīr brahmacārivrate sthitaḥ praśānta ātmā1 vigata-bhīḥ2 brahmacāri3a-vrate3b sthitaḥ4 manaḥ5 saṁyamya6 mat-cittaḥ7 yuktaḥ8 āsīta9 mat-paraḥ10 6.14
vigata-bhīḥ2 = devoid of fear; sthitaḥ4 = remaining firm; brahmacāri3avrate3b = in the vow3b of a celibate3a; praśānta ātmā1 = with the tranquil mind; saṁyamya6 = subduing; manaḥ5 = his mind; mat7a-cittaḥ7b = abiding Me7a in his mind7b ; mat10a-paraḥ10b = holding Me10a as the Supreme Goal10b. yuktaḥ8 = the Yogi; āsīta9 = should remain seated. 6.14
6.14: With serene mind, fearless, firmly resolved in vow of celibacy, and with subdued mind, the yogi should sit concentrating his mind upon Me and holding only Me as the Supreme goal. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
युञ्जन्नेवं सदात्मानं योगी नियतमानसः । शान्तिं निर्वाणपरमां मत्संस्थामधिगच्छति ॥६- १५॥
yuñjann evaṁ
sadātmānaṁ yogī niyatamānasaḥ yuñjan1 sadā3 ātmānam4 yogī5 niyata-mānasaḥ6 śāntim7 nirvāṇa-paramām8 mat-saṁsthām9 adhigacchati10 6.15
niyata-mānasaḥ6 = having controlled his mind; yogī5 = the Yogi; evam2 = thus [as said above]; yuñjan1 = concentrating; ātmānam4 = the mind; sadā3 = uninterruptedly, constantly; adhigacchati10 = attains; śāntim7 = peace; mat-saṁsthām9 = which abides in Me; nirvāṇa-paramām8 = which ends in Nirvana, Liberation or Supreme Bliss. 6.15 6.15: Having controlled his mind, and concentrating his mind constantly, the Yogi attains peace, which abides in Me and which ends in Supreme Bliss. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
नात्यश्नतस्तु योगोऽस्ति न चैकान्तमनश्नतः । न चाति स्वप्नशीलस्य जाग्रतो नैव चार्जुन ॥६- १६॥
nātyaśnatas tu
yogosti na caikāntam anaśnataḥ na1 ati2 aśnataḥ3 tu4 yogaḥ5 asti6 na7 ca8 ekāntam9 anaśnataḥ10 na11 ca12 ati13 svapna-śīlasya14 jāgrataḥ15 na16 eva17 ca18 arjuna19 6.16
tu4 = but; arjuna19 = O Arjuna; yogaḥ5 = Yoga; na1 asti6 = is not for; ati2 aśnataḥ3 = one who eats in excess; na7 ca8 = nor is [Yoga]; anaśnataḥ10 ca12 = for him who does not eat; ekāntam9 = at all; na11 = not (attainable); ati13 svapna-śīlasya14 ca18 = for the one who sleeps too long; jāgrataḥ15 eva17 na16 = not ever attainable for the one [who] stays awake too long. 6.16
6.16: Yoga is not for him, who either eats too much, or eats too little. It is not for him, who either sleeps too much or stays awake too long, O Arjuna. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
युक्ताहारविहारस्य युक्तचेष्टस्य कर्मसु । युक्तस्वप्नावबोधस्य योगो भवति दुःखहा ॥६- १७॥
yuktāhāravihārasya yuktaceṣṭasya karmasu yukta1 āhāra2 vihārasya3 yukta4 ceṣṭasya5 karmasu6 yukta7 svapna8 avabodhasya9 yogaḥ10 bhavati11 duḥkha-hā12 6.17
yogaḥ10 = Yoga; duḥkha-hā12 = the remover of sorrow; bhavati11 = is attainable; yukta1 āhāra2 vihārasya3 = for the one who has regulated1 food intake2 and recreation3; yukta4 ceṣṭasya5 = one whose efforts5 are moderate4; karmasu6 = in works; yukta7 svapna8 avabodhasya9 = for one who is moderate7 in sleep8 and wakefulness9. 6.17 vihārasya3 = walking for pleasure or amusement , wandering , roaming ; sport , play , pastime , diversion , enjoyment , pleasure, recreation, place of recreation.
6.17: Yoga the destroyer of sorrows is attainable to a man who is moderate in eating, recreation, sleep, and wakefulness, and restrained in action. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
यदा विनियतं चित्तमात्मन्येवावतिष्ठते । निःस्पृहः सर्वकामेभ्यो युक्त इत्युच्यते तदा ॥६- १८॥
yadā viniyataṁ cittam ātmany
evāvatiṣṭhate yadā1 viniyatam2 cittam3 ātmani4 eva5 avatiṣṭhate6 niḥspṛhaḥ7 sarva8 kāmebhyaḥ9 yuktaḥ10 iti11 ucyate12 tadā13 6.18
yadā1 = When; viniyatam2 cittam3 = controlled mind; avatiṣṭhate6 = abides; ātmani4 eva5 = in the Self indeed; tadā13 = at that time; niḥspṛhaḥ7 = the Yogi who is free from all desires, [the abstainer];sarva8 kāmebhyaḥ9 = [and] all8 desirable objects9; iti11 = thus; ucyate12 = is said to be; yuktaḥ10 = perfect in yoga. 6.18
6.18: When the controlled mind abides in the Self alone, the Yogi free from desires and all objects is called perfect in Yoga at that time. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
यथा दीपो निवातस्थो नेङ्गते सोपमा स्मृता । योगिनो यतचित्तस्य युञ्जतो योगमात्मनः ॥६- १९॥
yathā
dīpo nivātastho neṅgate sopamā smṛtā yathā1 dīpaḥ2 nivāta-sthaḥ3 na iṅgate4 sa upamā5 smṛtā6 yoginaḥ7 yata-cittasya8 yuñjataḥ9 yogam10 ātmanaḥ11 6.19
yathā1 = As; dīpaḥ2 = lamp; nivāta-sthaḥ3 = remaining in a windless place; na iṅgate4 = does not shimmer; sa upamā5 = (so goes) that simile; smṛtā6 = so it is said ; yoginaḥ7 = of the Yogi; yogam10 = [in] meditation; yata-cittasya8 = whose mind is restrained; yuñjataḥ9 = who is immersed; ātmanaḥ11 = on the Self. 6.19
6.19: As a lamp’s flame does not flicker in a windless place, so goes the simile that a yogi of subdued mind practices steadfast yogam (meditation) on the Self. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
यत्रोपरमते चित्तं निरुद्धं योगसेवया । यत्र चैवात्मनात्मानं पश्यन्नात्मनि तुष्यति ॥६- २०॥
yatroparamate
cittaṁ niruddhaṁ yogasevayā yatra1 uparamate2 cittam3 niruddham4 yoga-sevayā5 yatra6 ca7 eva8 ātmanā9 ātmānam10 paśyan11 ātmani12 tuṣyati13
yatra1 = When; cittam5 = the mind; niruddham4 = is restrained, suppressed; [and] uparamate2 = ceases [desists from desires and actions], yoga-sevayā5 = because of the practice of Yoga; ; ca7 = and; yatra6 eva8 = at the time when; paśyan11 = seeing; ātmānam10 = the Self; tuṣyati13 = [one] is delighted; ātmanā9 = by the self; ātmani12 = in one's own Self. 6.20
Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
सुखमात्यन्तिकं यत्तद् बुद्धिग्राह्यमतीन्द्रियम् । वेत्ति यत्र न चैवायं स्थितश्चलति तत्त्वतः ॥६- २१॥
sukham
ātyantikaṁ yat tad buddhi grāhyam atīndriyam
sukham1
ātyantikam2 yat3
tat4 buddhi-grāhyam5
atīndriyam6
yatra8 = When; [the Yogi] vetti7 = knows; tat4 = that; ātyantikam2 = uninterrupted or infinite; sukham1 = Supreme Happiness or Bliss; yat3 = which; buddhi-grāhyam5 = is experienced by the intelligence; [and which is] atīndriyam6 = beyond the grasp of the senses; ca10 = and; sthitaḥ13 = standing firm; ayam12 = this one [Yogi]; eva11 = certainly; na9 calati14 = never swerves; tattvataḥ15 = from the Truth. 6.21
6.21: When he knows that the Supreme happiness, experienced by the intelligence, is beyond the grasp of the senses, the yogi, standing firm, never swerves from the Truth. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
यं लब्ध्वा चापरं लाभं मन्यते नाधिकं ततः । यस्मिन्स्थितो न दुःखेन गुरुणापि विचाल्यते ॥६- २२॥
yaṁ labdhvā cāparaṁ lābhaṁ
manyate nādhikaṁ
tataḥ yam1 labdhvā2 ca3 aparam4 lābham5 manyate6 na7 adhikam8 tataḥ9 yasmin10 sthitaḥ11 na12 duḥkhena13 guruṇāpi14 vicālyate15 6.22
yam1 labdhvā2 = By gaining which [that Truth]; na7 manyate6 = [one] does not think; aparam4 = any other; lābham5 = gain. adhikam8 tataḥ9 = Surpassing that; ca3 = and; sthitaḥ11 = standing firm; yasmin10 = in which [that Truth]; [one is] na12 vicālyate15 = not moved [afflicted]; guruṇāpi14 = by very great; duḥkhena13 = sorrow. 6.22
6.22: By gaining that [ truth], he considers there is no more to gain; thus standing firm, even a great sorrow does not move him (he is never moved by any great sorrow). Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
तं विद्याद्दुःखसंयोगवियोगं योगसंज्ञितम् । स निश्चयेन योक्तव्यो योगोऽनिर्विण्णचेतसा ॥६- २३॥
taṁ vidyād.h
duḥkhasaṁyogaviyogaṁ yogasaṁjñitam
tam1
vidyāt2 duḥkha3
saṁyoga4 viyogam5
yogasanjñitam6
vidyāt2 = You must know; tam1 = that; duḥkha3 saṁyoga4 viyogam5 = disjunction from union with sorrow [sorrow-union-disjunction]; [goes] yogasanjñitam6 = by the name of Yoga; sah7 = that; yogaḥ10 = Yoga; yoktavyaḥ9 = should be practiced; niścayena8 = with determination; [and] anirviṇṇa11 = unwearied; cetasā12 = mind. 6.23
6.23: You must know, in perspective of yoga, this disjunction (viyoga) of union with pain. This yoga should be practiced with determination and unwearied mind. (Determination and unwearied mind must underlie practice of this yoga.) Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
संकल्पप्रभवान्कामांस्त्यक्त्वा सर्वानशेषतः । मनसैवेन्द्रियग्रामं विनियम्य समन्ततः ॥६- २४॥
saṅkalpaprabhavān
kāmāṁs
tyaktvā sarvān aśeṣataḥ saṅkalpa1 prabhavān2 kāmān3 tyaktvā4 sarvān5 aśeṣataḥ6 manasa7 eva8 indriya-grāmam9 viniyamya10 samantataḥ11 6.24
tyaktvā4 = Abandoning; aśeṣataḥ6 = wholeheartedly; sarvān5 = all; kāmān3 = desires; saṅkalpa1prabhavān2 = prabhavān2 = born of; saṅkalpa1= mental will; viniyamya10 = limiting; samantataḥ11 = from all sides; indriya-grāmam9 = all sense organs; manasa7 eva8 = by the mind.. . 6.24 continued
6.24 - 25: Giving up all desires born of mental will and limiting by the mind all senses from all sides, [6.25] one should withdraw slowly (little by little) by intelligence and firm conviction (from objects). With his mind steady on atman, one should not think of anything else. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
शनैः शनैरुपरमेद्बुद्ध्या धृतिगृहीतया । आत्मसंस्थं मनः कृत्वा न किंचिदपि चिन्तयेत् ॥६- २५॥
śanaiḥ śanair uparamed
buddhyā dhṛtigṛhītayā
śanaiḥ1
śanaiḥ2
uparamet3 buddhyā4
dhṛtigṛhītayā5
uparamet3 = One should withdraw [from the world of happenings; śanaiḥ1 & śanaiḥ2 = step by step, gradually; buddhyā4 = by intelligence; [and] dhṛtigṛhītayā5 = firm conviction; kṛtvā8 = making; manaḥ7 = the mind; ātma-saṁstham6 = steady in the Self. na9 & cintayet12 = He should not think of; kiñcit10 & api11 = anything else [except Paramatman or Self]. 6.25
6.24 - 25: Giving up all desires born of mental will and limiting by the mind all senses from all sides,[6.25] one should withdraw slowly (little by little) by intelligence and firm conviction (from objects). With his mind steady on atman, one should not think of anything else. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
यतो यतो निश्चरति मनश्चञ्चलमस्थिरम् । ततस्ततो नियम्यैतदात्मन्येव वशं नयेत् ॥६- २६॥
yato yato niścarati manaś
cañcalam asthiram
cañcalam5 = Agitated; asthiram6 = unsteady; manaḥ4 = mind; niścarati3 = wanders away; yataḥ1 yataḥ2 = due to causes [like sound in the world] : [whatever & whichever stimuli]. etat10 vaśam13 nayet14 = Bring this [mind] under control [this10-contro13-bring14]; ātmani11 eva12 = of the Self alone; tataḥ7 tataḥ8 = from all above causes; niyamya9 = imposing restrictions. 6.26
6.26: In whatever direction the unsteady fickle mind goes, one should hold this mind back and bring it under the control of the Self (Atman). Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
प्रशान्तमनसं ह्येनं योगिनं सुखमुत्तमम् । उपैति शान्तरजसं ब्रह्मभूतमकल्मषम् ॥६- २७॥
praśāntamanasaṁ hy enaṁ
yoginaṁ sukham uttamam praśānta1 manasam2 hi3 enam4 yoginam5 sukham6 uttamam7 upaiti8 śānta-rajasam9 brahma-bhūtam10 akalmaṣam11 6.27
uttamam7= The Highest or Supreme; sukham6 = happiness (Bliss); upaiti8 = comes to; hi3 enam4 yoginam5 = to this Yogi only; [who is of] praśānta1 = tranquil; manasam2 = mind; śānta-rajasam9 = [who is of] pacific Rajas; brahma-bhūtam10 = [who is] one with Brahman; [and] akalmaṣam11 = [who is] free from sin. 6.27
6.27: Supreme happiness comes to yogi, whose mind is tranquil, who is free from sin or stain, whose passions (Rajas) are pacific, and who is one with Brahman. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
युञ्जन्नेवं सदात्मानं योगी विगतकल्मषः । सुखेन ब्रह्मसंस्पर्शमत्यन्तं सुखमश्नुते ॥६- २८॥
yuñjann evaṁ sadātmānaṁ yogī
vigatakalmaṣaḥ
yuñjan1
evam2 sadā3
ātmānam4 yogī5
vigata6
kalmaṣaḥ7
vigata6 kalmaṣaḥ7 = [The] stainless [devoid6 of Stain7]; yogī5 = Yogi; evam2 = in such manner, verily; sadā3 = by constantly; yuñjan1= engaging or concentrating; ātmānam4 = his mind; sukhena8 = easily; aśnute12 = experiences; atyantam10 = infinite; sukham11 = bliss, happiness; brahma-saṁsparśam9 = of contact with Brahman. 6.28
6.28: The stainless Yogi by constantly concentrating his mind easily experiences infinite bliss of contact with Brahman. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
सर्वभूतस्थमात्मानं सर्वभूतानि चात्मनि । ईक्षते योगयुक्तात्मा सर्वत्र समदर्शनः ॥६- २९॥
sarvabhūtastham ātmānaṁ
sarvabhūtāni cātmani
sarva-bhūta-stham1
ātmānam2 sarva-bhūtāni3
ca4 ātmani5
yoga-yukta-ātmā7 = Yoga-yoked-Self = One whose self is in union with yoga; sarvatra8 sama-darśanaḥ9 = who has visions of the same divinity, Brahman everywhere [everywhere8 (who) has visions of the same divinity (Brahman9)]; īkṣate6 = sees; ātmānam2 = his own Self; sarva-bhūta-stham1 = exist in all beings [all-beings-exist]. ca4 = Moreover; sarva-bhūtāni3 = all beings [from Brahma to a blade of grass]; [exist] ātmani5 = in his Self. 6.29
6.29: One whose self is in union with yoga and who has visions of the same divinity everywhere sees his own Self exist in all beings and all beings [from Brahma to a blade of grass] exist in his Self. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
यो मां पश्यति सर्वत्र सर्वं च मयि पश्यति । तस्याहं न प्रणश्यामि स च मे न प्रणश्यति ॥६- ३०॥
yo mā paśyati sarvatra sarvaṁ
ca mayi paśyati
yaḥ1
mām2 paśyati3
sarvatra4 sarvam5
ca6 mayi7
paśyati8
yaḥ1 = He who; paśyati3 = sees; mām2 = Me [the Self of all beings]; sarvatra4 = in all things ; ca6 = and [who] paśyati8 = sees; sarvam5 = all things [sara-asaram = mobiles and immobiles]; mayi7 = in Me; aham10 = I; na11 & praṇaśyāmi12 = am not lost; tasya9 = from his [vision]. ca14 saḥ13 = And he; na16 praṇaśyati17 = is not lost; me15 = to Me. 6.30
6.30: He who sees Me in all things and who sees all things in Me, I am not lost from his [vision] and he is not lost to Me. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
सर्वभूतस्थितं यो मां भजत्येकत्वमास्थितः । सर्वथा वर्तमानोऽपि स योगी मयि वर्तते ॥६- ३१॥
sarvabhūtasthitaṁ yo māṁ bhajaty ekatvam āsthitaḥ
sarva-bhūta-sthitam1
yaḥ2
mām3 bhajati4
ekatvam5 āsthitaḥ6
yaḥ2 = He who; āsthitaḥ6 = is established; ekatvam5 = in oneness [unity]; bhajati4 = worships, mām3 = Me; sarva-bhūta-sthitam1 = abiding in all beings [all-beings-abiding]. saḥ10 & yogī11 = That Yogi; sarvathā7 = in whatever condition [he is]; vartamānaḥ8 & api9 = however much he is active; vartate13 = exists; mayi12 = in Me. 6.31
6.31: The Yogin, established in unity, worships Me abiding in all beings; that yogi, whatever his condition may be and however much he is active, exists in Me. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
आत्मौपम्येन सर्वत्र समं पश्यति योऽर्जुन । सुखं वा यदि वा दुःखं स योगी परमो मतः ॥६- ३२॥
ātmaupamyena sarvatra samaṁ
paśyati yorjuna
ātma1
aupamyena2 sarvatra3
samam4 paśyati5
yaḥ6
Arjuna7
arjuna7 = O Arjuna; yaḥ6 =Yogi who; paśyati5 = sees; samam4 = with equality; sarvatra3 = all beings; ātma1 & aupamyena2 = in the likeness of himself; vā9 = and; sukham8 = happiness; vā11& yadi10 = and whatever; duḥkham12 = sorrow [as his own]; saḥ13 & yogī14 = that Yogi; mataḥ16 & paramaḥ15 = is considered supreme. 6.32
6.32: O Arjuna; the Yogi who sees with equality all beings in the likeness of himself and regards happiness and sorrow as his own [that Yogi] is considered supreme. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
अर्जुन उवाच योऽयं योगस्त्वया प्रोक्तः साम्येन मधुसूदन । एतस्याहं न पश्यामि चञ्चलत्वात्स्थितिं स्थिराम् ॥६- ३३॥
arjuna uvāca
arjuna
uvāca
arjuna = Arjuna uvāca = said: madhusūdana7 = O Madhusudana (Killer of demon Madhu, Krishna): ayam2 = this; yogaḥ3 = Yoga; yaḥ1 & proktaḥ5 = that was declared; tvaya4 = by You; sāmyena6 = as same [as the doctrine of empathy]; aham9 = I; na10 & paśyāmi11 = do not see; etasya8 = its [Yoga's]; sthirām14 = stable; sthitim13 = condition; cañcalatvāt12 = because of agitation of [my mind]. 6.33
6.33: O Madhusudana (Killer of demon Madhu, Krishna), In this Yoga that was declared by You as same [as the Doctrine of equality and empathy or Yoga of Evenness], I do not see its stability because of agitation of my mind. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
चञ्चलं हि मनः कृष्ण प्रमाथि बलवद्दृढम् । तस्याहं निग्रहं मन्ये वायोरिव सुदुष्करम् ॥६- ३४॥
cañcalaṁ hi manaḥ kṛṣṇa
pramāthi balavad dṛḍham
cañcalam1
hi2 manaḥ3
kṛṣṇa4
pramāthi5 balavat6
dṛḍham7
kṛṣṇa4 = O Krishna; hi2 = for; manaḥ3 = the mind; cañcalam1 = is wavering; pramāthi5 = agitating [to the sense organs]; balavat6 = strong-willed; [and] dṛḍham7 = obstinate; aham9 = I; manye11 = think; tasya8 = its [mind's]; nigraham10 = control, subjugation; suduṣkaram14 = is as difficult as; vāyoḥ12 & iva13 = [controlling] of the wind. 6.34
6.34: Because the mind is
fickle, agitated, strong, and obstinate, O
Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
श्रीभगवानुवाच असंशयं महाबाहो मनो दुर्निग्रहं चलम् । अभ्यासेन तु कौन्तेय वैराग्येण च गृह्यते ॥६- ३५॥
śrībhagavān uvāca
śrībhagavān uvāca
śrībhagavān uvāca = Bhagavan said: mahābāho2 = O Mighty-armed one; asañśayam1 = without doubt; manaḥ3 = mind; durnigraham4 = [is] difficult to restrain; [and] calam5 = prone to agitation; tu7 = but; [it] gṛhyate11 = can be controlled; abhyāsena6 = by repetitive practice; ca10 = and; vairāgyeṇa9 = by detachment. kaunteya8 = O son of Kunti. 6.35
6.35: Sri Bhagavan said: Without doubt mind is difficult to restrain, prone to agitation; but it can be controlled by repetitive practice and by detachment, O son of Kunti. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
असंयतात्मना योगो दुष्प्राप इति मे मतिः । वश्यात्मना तु यतता शक्योऽवाप्तुमुपायतः ॥६- ३६॥
asaṁyatātmanā
yogo duṣprāpa
iti me matiḥ
asaṁyata-ātmanā1
yogaḥ2
duṣprāpaḥ3
iti4
me5 matiḥ6
iti4 = thus; me5 = My; matiḥ6 = determination, opinion; [is] yogaḥ2 = Yoga; [is] duṣprāpaḥ3 = hard to attain; asaṁyata-ātmanā1 = by one with unbridled mind; tu9 = but; śakyaḥ11 = attainable; [by] avāptum12 = one who has attained; vaśya7 = controlled; ātmanā8 = mind; [and by] yatatā10 = the man of endeavor; upāyataḥ13 = through the means [as mentioned above]. 6.36
6.36: Thus my opinion is that Yoga is hard to attain by one with unbridled mind but is attainable by one with controlled mind and by the man of endeavor through the means [mentioned above]. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
अर्जुन उवाच अयतिः श्रद्धयोपेतो योगाच्चलितमानसः । अप्राप्य योगसंसिद्धिं कां गतिं कृष्ण गच्छति ॥६- ३७॥
arjuna uvāca
arjuna uvāca
arjunaḥ uvāca = Arjuna said: kṛṣṇa11 = O Krishna; [though] upetaḥ3 = endowed with; śraddhaya2 = faith; ayatiḥ1 = putting no effort [in Yoga]; calita5 mānasaḥ6 = one whose mind is divergent; yogāt4 = from Yoga; aprāpya7 = having not obtained; yoga-saṁsiddhim8 = perfection in Yoga; kām9 = what; gatim10 = progress; gacchati12 = does he make? 6.37 [calita5 = divergent]
6.37: Arjuna said: The failed ascetic who had faith but was of such mind to deviate from (the path of) yoga, failing to attain yogic perfection, which way does he go, O Krishna? Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
कच्चिन्नोभयविभ्रष्टश्छिन्नाभ्रमिव नश्यति । अप्रतिष्ठो महाबाहो विमूढो ब्रह्मणः पथि ॥६- ३८॥
kacchin nobhayavibhraṣṭaś
chinnābhram iva naśyati
mahābāho10 = O Mighty-armed One; ubhaya3 vibhraṣṭaḥ4 = having fallen4 from both3; apratiṣṭhaḥ9 = having lost hold on the ground; vimūḍhaḥ11 = the perplexed; brahmaṇaḥ12 pathi13 = on the path of Brahman: kacchit1 na2 naśyati8 = does he not perish; iva7= like; chinna5 abhram6 = a riven cloud. 6.38
6.38: Having lost both (paths of Karma and Yoga), does he not perish like a riven cloud O Krishna, without support, and bewildered on the path to Brahman? Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
एतन्मे संशयं कृष्ण छेत्तुमर्हस्यशेषतः । त्वदन्यः संशयस्यास्य छेत्ता न ह्युपपद्यते ॥६- ३९॥
etan me saṁśayaṁ kṛṣṇa
chettum arhasy aśeṣataḥ
etat1
me2
saṁśayam3 kṛṣṇa4
chettum5 arhasi6
aśeṣataḥ7
kṛṣṇa4 = O Krishna; [You are] arhasi6 = worthy and obligated; chettum5 = to remove; etat1 = this; saṁśayam3 = doubt; me2 = of mine; aśeṣataḥ7 = completely; hi14 = because; na13 - tvat8 - anyaḥ9 = no-one other than You; upapadyate15 = is proven; chettā12 = remover or destroyer; asya11 = of this; saṁśayasya10 = doubt. 6.39
6.39: O Krishna, You are worthy of and obligated to remove this doubt of mine completely because no one other than You is proven remover of this doubt. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
श्रीभगवानुवाच पार्थ नैवेह नामुत्र विनाशस्तस्य विद्यते । न हि कल्याणकृत्कश्चिद्दुर्गतिं तात गच्छति ॥६- ४०॥
śrībhagavān uvāca
śrī
bhagavān uvāca
śrī bhagavān uvāca = Sri Bhagavan said: pārtha1 = O Partha; [neither] iha4 = in this world; na2 = nor; amutra6 = in the other world; eva3 vidyate9 = there is assuredly; na5 vināśaḥ7 = no destruction; tasya8 = for that man; hi11 na10 kaścit13 = for no one; kalyāṇa-kṛt12 = performing auspicious deeds; tāta15 = O dear Son (endearing address to Arjuna); gacchati16 = comes to; durgatim14 = misfortune. 6.40
6.40: Sri Bhagavan said: O Son of Partha, neither here, nor hereafter (the other world), destruction exists for him. Never misfortune comes to the one who does good works (kalyānakrt, auspicious activities). Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
प्राप्य पुण्यकृतां लोकानुषित्वा शाश्वतीः समाः । शुचीनां श्रीमतां गेहे योगभ्रष्टोऽभिजायते ॥६- ४१॥
prāpya puṇyakṛtāṁ lokān uṣitvā
śāśvatīḥ samāḥ
prāpya1
puṇya-kṛtām2 lokān3
uṣitvā4
śāśvatīḥ5
samāḥ6
prāpya1 = Having attained; lokān3 = to the world; puṇya-kṛtām2 = of merit-doers; [and] uṣitvā4 = living there; śāśvatīḥ5 = for many; samāḥ6 = years; yoga-bhraṣṭaḥ10 = the fallen yogi; abhijāyate11 = takes birth; gehe9 = in the house; śucīnām7 = of the pious; [and] śrīmatām8 = the prosperous. 6.41
6.41: Having attained to the world of those who performed pious activities and living there for many years, the unrealized or fallen yogi takes birth in the house of the ritually pure, the pious, and the prosperous. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
अथवा योगिनामेव कुले भवति धीमताम् । एतद्धि दुर्लभतरं लोके जन्म यदीदृशम् ॥६- ४२॥
athavā yoginām eva kule
bhavati dhīmatām
athavā1
yoginām2 eva3
kule4 bhavati5
dhīmatām6
athavā1 = Or; [such fallen Yogi] bhavati5 = takes birth; kule4 = in the family; dhīmatām6 = of the wise; yoginām2 = Yogis. eva3 = Only; etat7 janma11 = such birth; yat12 īdṛśam13 = like this; [is] durlabhataram9 = very rare; hi8 = indeed; loke10 = in this world. 6.42
6.42: Or such a yogi takes his birth in the family of yogins endowed with great wisdom; a birth like this is very rare indeed in this world. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
तत्र तं बुद्धिसंयोगं लभते पौर्वदेहिकम् । यतते च ततो भूयः संसिद्धौ कुरुनन्दन ॥६- ४३॥
tatra taṁ buddhisaṁyogaṁ
labhate paurvadehikam
tatra1
tam2 buddhi-saṁyogam3
labhate4 paurva-dehikam5
tatra1 = Thereupon; [he] labhate4 = gains; tam2 = that; buddhi-saṁyogam3 = union with Yogic Knowledge; paurva-dehikam5 = accumulated in the former body. yatate6 = He strives; bhūyaḥ9 = again; ca7 = and; tataḥ8 = more than in the previous birth; saṁsiddhau10 = for perfection; kuru-nandana11 = O the Scion of Kuru Dynasty. 6.43
6.43: Thereupon, he regains the mental, intellectual, and yogic disposition from his previous birth (body), and strives again to gain for perfection, O son of Kuru. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
पूर्वाभ्यासेन तेनैव ह्रियते ह्यवशोऽपि सः । जिज्ञासुरपि योगस्य शब्दब्रह्मातिवर्तते ॥६- ४४॥
pūrvābhyāsena
tenaiva hriyate hy avaśopi saḥ
pūrvā1
abhyāsena2 tena3
eva4 hriyate5
hi6 avaśaḥ7
api8 saḥ9
hi6 = Surely; tena3 & eva4 = by virtue of; pūrvā1 abhyāsena2 = previous1 practice2 [in former life]; [he] hriyate5 = is taken forward; avaśaḥ7 api8 = though loosing control [of himself] against his will. jijñāsuḥ10 api11 = Being the seeker of knowledge; yogasya12 = of Yoga; saḥ9 = he; ativartate14 = transcends; śabdabrahma13 = Sound Brahman [Vedic rituals]. 6.44
6.44: By virtue of previous (yogic) practice (in former life), he is carried forward even against his will. Even though he is only an inquisitive seeker of yoga, he transcends Sabda-Brahman or Vedic rituals. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
प्रयत्नाद्यतमानस्तु योगी संशुद्धकिल्बिषः । अनेकजन्मसंसिद्धस्ततो याति परां गतिम् ॥६- ४५॥
prayatnād yatamānas tu yogī
saṁśuddhakilbiṣaḥ
6.45: The yogi, striving earnestly, free from all sins, and perfecting himself through many births, attains to the Supreme (Supreme Goal). Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
तपस्विभ्योऽधिको योगी ज्ञानिभ्योऽपि मतोऽधिकः । कर्मिभ्यश्चाधिको योगी तस्माद्योगी भवार्जुन ॥६- ४६॥
tapasvibhyodhiko yogī
jñānibhyopi matodhikaḥ
yogī3 = Yogi; mataḥ6 = is thought of; adhikaḥ2 = higher; tapasvibhyaḥ1 = than tapasvins [men of austerity]; adhikaḥ7 = higher than; api5 = even; jñānibhyaḥ4 = Jnanis [men of Knowledge, Vedic scholars]. yogī11 = Yogi; [is] adhikaḥ10 = higher than; karmibhyaḥ8 = men of action [ritualists]; ca9 = and; tasmāt12 = therefore; arjuna15 = O Arjuna; bhava14 = become; yogī13 = a Yogi. 6.46
6.46: The yogi is superior to the ascetic, greater than the Jnāni, and more sublime than the ritualists. Therefore, O Arjuna, thou become a yogi. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
योगिनामपि सर्वेषां मद्गतेनान्तरात्मना । श्रद्धावान् भजते यो मां स मे युक्ततमो मतः ॥६- ४७॥
yoginām api sarveṣāṁ
madgatenāntarātmanā
yoginām1
api2 sarveṣām3
madgatena4 antarātmanā5
api2 = Even; sarveṣām3 = among all; yoginām1 = Yogis; yaḥ8 = he who; bhajate7 = worships; mām9 = Me; antarātmanā5 = within his mind; madgatena4 = abiding in Me; śraddhāvān6 = with faith; saḥ10 = he; mataḥ13 = is considered; me11 = by Me; yuktatamaḥ12 = the most accomplished of all yogis. 6.47
6.47: Of all yogis, he, who worships Me within his mind, abiding in me with full faith, is considered by me the most accomplished of all yogis. Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj |
End of Chapter 06: The Yoga of Self Control